The 12 point agreement and the Comprehensive Peace Accord (CPA) are important milestones in the history of Nepal, marking the end of a decade-long civil war and the beginning of a new era of peace and democracy. Here is a brief overview of when these agreements were signed and between whom.
The 12 point agreement was signed on November 22, 2005, between the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) and the Seven Party Alliance that comprised the Nepali Congress, the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist), and other major political parties. The agreement was brokered by the Indian government and paved the way for peace talks between the Maoists and the Nepali government.
The 12 point agreement was significant because it marked the Maoists’ entry into mainstream politics after a decade of armed struggle. It also paved the way for the formation of a Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution that would address the political demands of various ethnic and social groups in Nepal.
The Comprehensive Peace Accord was signed on November 21, 2006, between the Nepali government and the Maoists, formally ending the decade-long civil war that had claimed more than 15,000 lives. The CPA was the result of a series of negotiations between the two parties, facilitated by the United Nations and various other international organizations.
Under the CPA, the Maoists agreed to lay down their arms and join the mainstream political process, while the Nepali government agreed to grant amnesty to the Maoist leaders and integrate their cadres into the national army or provide them with rehabilitation packages. The CPA also mandated the formation of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate human rights violations committed during the conflict.
The signing of the CPA marked a major turning point in Nepal’s history, as it brought an end to the violent conflict and paved the way for a democratic and inclusive future. However, the implementation of the peace process has been slow and fraught with challenges, and many of the promises made in the CPA have yet to be fully realized.
In conclusion, the 12 point agreement and the Comprehensive Peace Accord were signed between the Maoists and the Nepali government in 2005 and 2006, respectively. These agreements were crucial in bringing an end to the decade-long civil war in Nepal and ushering in a new era of democracy and peace in the country.